Pangolins are mammals of the order Pholidota, and are sometimes referred to as scaly anteaters. They are covered in distinctive scales that ward off predators in the wild, and when threatened they can roll into a ball, exposing only their sharp scales. There are 8 species of pangolin, all of which have been classified as endangered or critically endangered due to poaching for their meat and scales.
Scientific Name
The scientific name for pangolins is Manis spp., with the three genera being Manis, Phataginus, and Smutsia.
Physical Traits
Pangolins range in size from 30 cm (12 inches) to 1 m (3 feet). They have long snouts and tongues which they use to feed on ants and termites. Their scales are made up of keratin, the same material found in human fingernails.
Life Span
The average life span of a pangolin is 10-20 years in the wild.
Habitat
Pangolins live in tropical forests, grasslands, savannas, and scrublands throughout Africa and Asia. They prefer areas with plenty of ant and termite mounds for them to feed on.
Diet
Pangolins primarily feed on ants and termites using their long sticky tongue. They also eat other insects such as beetles, caterpillars, larvae, grubs, and spiders.
Reproduction
Female pangolins give birth to one or two offspring after a gestation period of 70-150 days depending on the species. The young are born blind but quickly develop their sight within a few days after birth. The mother will carry her young around until they reach maturity at around 6 months old.
Conservation Status
All 8 species of pangolin have been classified as either endangered or critically endangered due to poaching for their meat and scales used in traditional medicine practices. Conservation efforts include increasing awareness about these animals through education programs as well as strengthening laws against poaching and trafficking of pangolin products worldwide.
Interesting Facts
- Pangolins can climb trees despite having no visible claws!
- Pangolins can consume up to 200 000 ants per day!
- Pangolins have poor eyesight but an excellent sense of smell!
